Lord Surya is the Hindu solar deity and the source of light and life for the entire universe. He is worshipped as a Pratyaksha Devata, meaning "the visible god," as he can be seen every day. Surya is the king of the nine planets (Navagraha) and is essential for the sustenance of all beings on Earth.
Significance in Astrology
In Vedic astrology (Jyotish), Surya represents the Atman (soul), will-power, father, authority, status, and health. He is the ruler of the zodiac sign Leo (Simha) and is the most powerful influence in a birth chart. Sunday is dedicated to his worship.
Iconography and Symbolism
Surya is depicted as a radiant figure riding a golden chariot:
- The Seven Horses: His chariot is pulled by seven horses, which represent the seven colors of the rainbow and the seven days of the week.
- Aruna: The charioteer of the Sun, personifying the dawn.
- Lotus Flowers: Surya is often shown holding two lotuses, symbolizing the bloom of life under his light.
- The Wheel: The single wheel of his chariot represents the cyclic nature of time.
Important Mantras
Worshipping Surya is believed to bring clarity, vitality, and success:
- Gayatri Mantra: The most sacred Vedic hymn, addressed to the Sun's creative power (Savitr).
- Aditya Hridaya Stotram: A powerful hymn recited by Lord Rama to gain strength from the Sun before his battle with Ravana.
- Surya Beeja Mantra: Om Hraam Hreem Hroum Sah Suryaya Namah
Major Festivals
- Makar Sankranti: Marking the transition of the Sun into Capricorn and the start of Uttarayan.
- Ratha Saptami: Considered the birth anniversary of the Sun God.
- Chhath Puja: A major festival celebrated in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, dedicated to the Sun and his consort Usha.
- Samba Dashami: Celebrated in Odisha for health and longevity.